Roots act like straws absorbing water and minerals from the soil. Tiny root hairs stick out of the root, helping in the absorption. Roots help to anchor the plant in the soil so it does not fall over.
Roots also store extra food for future use. Stems do many things. They support the plant. They act like the plant's plumbing system, conducting water and nutrients from the roots and food in the form of glucose from the leaves to other plant parts. Stems can be herbaceous like the bendable stem of a daisy or woody like the trunk of an oak tree.
Most plants' food is made in their leaves. Leaves are designed to capture sunlight which the plant uses to make food through a process called photosynthesis. Flowers are the reproductive part of most plants. A flower is just a part of a plant. Roses, tulips, and daisies are all thought of just as flowers, but they also have leaves, stems, and roots. No one brings their mom a bouquet of maple trees, saguaro cacti, and grasses, but all of them have flowers during part of the year.
Even poison ivy has flowers. Flowers are found on all sorts of plants, but not all plants have them. Plants have flowers because they need to make seeds. In order to make seeds, pretty much all plants first need to get pollen from another plant of the same species. Give me some pollen! They make pollen in their pine cones and then dump tons of it into the air.
The trees depend on the wind to spread their pollen all over the place, in hopes that some of the pollen will land on the pine cone of another tree of the same species, so that tree can then make some seeds.
Wind is not the most precise way to deliver pollen. Plants can broadly be divided into four main components: roots, stem, flowers and leaves. Plants plus algae and certain bacteria absorb light to make sugars, providing the plant with energy and some other useful biochemical products which the plant requires to grow successfully. Light which can be seen by the human eye the visible light spectrum is made up of the rainbow of colours, stretching from purple through to red.
Objects are perceived by humans as coloured when the object reflects light back to our eyes. All the other visible wavelengths of light are absorbed, and we only see the reflected wavelengths.
The colours of visible light form a colour wheel. Within that wheel the colour an object appears to be is the colour complementary to the one it most strongly absorbs. As such, plants look green because they absorb red light most efficiently and the green light is reflected. Light travels in waves, and thus it has a wavelength, which corresponds to the distance between the peaks of the waves.
Visible light has wavelengths from nanometres for purple, through to nanometres for red. To put this into perspective, a human hair is , nanometres thick. Photosynthesis is essentially the process of the plant converting atmospheric gas carbon dioxide CO 2 and water H 2 O into simple sugars, producing oxygen O 2 as a by-product.
To do this, it needs energy and it gets that energy from the light it absorbs.
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