It should be possible to read the entire piece of work without having to refer to a footnote for anything other than references. In most cases, word limits for essays include footnotes and bibliographies. Notes should be numbered sequentially 1,2,3 etc. Do not use the same number more than once in a series, even if you are referring to exactly the same passage in the same text which you have already referenced.
Footnote or endnote numbers in the text should follow punctuation, and preferably be placed at the end of a sentence. When citing the source for a quotation, the number should be placed at the end of the quotation and not after the author's name if that appears first in the text. How do I Create a Footnote or Endnote? How is a Footnote different from an Endnote? Footnotes appear on the bottom of the page that contains the sentence to which it refers.
Endnotes are listed at the end of the paper on separate pages. Endnote pages are placed before the bibliography. What do I Include in the Footnote or Endnote? For example: 1. For example: 2. They can be used for two things:. Using footnotes has one big advantage; you can include additional information without distracting the reader from the main text. Table of contents Using footnotes for citations Using footnotes for additional information How to insert footnotes How to format footnotes.
This means that if you want to cite a source , you add a superscript number at the end of the sentence that includes the information from this source. This number corresponds to a footnote or endnote citation, where you include information such as the author, title of work, date, etc. What you include depends on the citation style. Amsterdam: Scribbr, Your supervisor will be able to tell you which citation style you should be using.
It is crucial to use your citation style correctly in order to avoid plagiarism. Plagiarism has serious consequences. Even if your citation style uses parenthetical citation instead of footnotes, you might choose to include footnotes to provide the reader with supplementary information.. For example, MLA footnotes can be used to direct the reader to further relevant sources or add information that could be useful but is not critical to your text.
If you wish to include footnotes or endnotes because you want to provide supplementary information, you should consider:. Learn more. Place the cursor where you would like the superscript number to appear.
The superscript number will appear in the text automatically. The corresponding number will be automatically inserted in the footer ready for you to add the footnote citation.
Type in your footnote citation. By default, footnotes will be numbered 1, 2, 3, etc, while endnotes will apply Roman numerals, e. Hi, When I write many quotations from the same book at the same page, how will I write footnotes?
In this case, you could add the symbol for a footnote. Then, at the bottom of the page you could reprint the symbol and insert your comment. Here is an example:. When your reader comes across the footnote in the main text of your paper, he or she could look down at your comments right away, or else continue reading the paragraph and read your comments at the end.
Because this makes it convenient for your reader, most citation styles require that you use either footnotes or endnotes in your paper. Some, however, allow you to make parenthetical references author, date in the body of your work.
See our section on citation styles for more information. Footnotes are not just for interesting comments, however.
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